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C. N. TYLER.

Gas Generator.

Patented July 24, 1860.

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UNITED sTATns PATENT orrron.

CHARLES N. TYLER, OF \VASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

GAS GENERATOR AND BURNER.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 29,328, dated July 24, 1860.

To all whom it may concern:

. Be it known that I, CHARLES N. TYLER, of IVashington, in' the Districtof Columbia, have invented new and useful Improvements in Gas Generatorsand Burners; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full andexact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

The chief object of my invention is the construction of an apparatuswhich will secure the greatest amount of illumination from a givenquantity of common burning fluid and at the same time prevent thepossibility of explosion.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a side view of my gasgenerator and burner. Fig. 2 is a front view of the same. Fig. 8 is aside view of a modified form of the same. Fig. is a vertical section ofthe upper part of Fig. 3. Figs. 5 and 6 show the interior of the upperpart of Figs. 1 and 2, the parts being separated.

My apparatus, Fig. 1, of the accompanying drawings, being connected witha reservoir of burning fluid, the said fluid enters the lower end oftube A, through the stop cock B, and ascends by hydraulic pressure tothe heater K, where it passes (in the form of vapor) into retort F,through opening 7, Fig. 5. This retort being exposed to the flame fromthe burner D, converts the vapor into gas. From retort F, the gas passesthrough holes 9, ande, into retort E, where it is exposed to a higherheat. The heat is concentrated upon both sides of these retorts by meansof the heater K, which is made broad at the bottom so as to receive theupper part of the flame. The top of the heater is contracted so that thedraft concentrates the tip of the flame in the throat of the burner,thus giving a blowpipe action and bringing the most intense heat uponthe upper part of retort E. This arrangement burns up any smoke whichmight otherwise escape from the lamp and prevents incrustation of theapparatus or deposition of carbon either in the heater K or within theretort,two of the most serious difficulties with gas retorts and fluidlamps. From the retort E, the gas escapes through small fissures cut inthe top of tube C, as shown in Fig. 4, and then descends to the burnerD. The top of this tube O is situated at the hottest point of theheater, so that the gas passes from the retort at a temperature ready toignite the moment the gas escapes the burner and comes in contact withthe atmospheric air, the oxygen of which is necessary to combustion.

As the heater K is placed far above the burner D, the illuminating powerof the flame is not thereby lessened, while the entire heat of saidflame is employed in gen- Trating gas, thus economizing both light andieat.

My burner D is peculiar in that it is made with two revolving tips. Oneof these tips is longer than the other and is provided with a cup cl,for lighting the lamp and commencing the generation of gas. In order toset the lamp in operation, the cup of is placed as seen in Fig. 1, andthen the small stop cock G is opened when the fluid flows through thelonger tip and fills the cup (Z. Now this fluid is ignited and before itis exhausted from the cup both heater and retort are so heated as toproduce vapor and thus support the flame until the generation of gascommences. Instead of using burning fluid, alcohol may be put into cup(5, for lighting the lamp.

WVhen the lamp is in full operation, if only a small light is required,then no change is necessary, but usually it will be best to reverse therevolving burner D, so as to use the larger tip and thus obtain abrighter flame. This larger tip is made shorter, so that in reversingthe burners the flame is adjusted in relation to the heater K, thesmaller flame being brought near and the larger more distant, in orderto regulate the heat and secure the greatest illuminating power of theflame.

The stop cock B, is provided with a peculiar mode of packing, consistingof two bevels or planes, inclined toward the stem of the cock, so that acord P, (or other fibrous packing) Fig. 1, can be compressed and forcedupon the stem of the cock. One of these bevels is upon the nut H and theother in the tube into which nut H is inserted. By this arrangement thejoint is made perfectly tight, and when the packing is worn it may becompressed and adjusted by the screw nut H so as to work as when new.

I do not broadly claim the use of a cord or fibrous material for packingbut confine my claim to the peculiar mode above described of compressingsuch packing and rendering it adjustable. Neither do I in thisappllcation broadly claim adjusting the flame by a revolving burner; yetI believe such mode of adjustment to be new and I intend to make aseparate application for a patent broadly covering the revolving burneras applied to various purposes.

, I am aware that gas generators and burners have been so arranged as toallow the flame to play upon ,the retort or heater but I think it is newto make the draft pass through the heater as through a chimney, and atthe same time to incase or inclose the retort or retorts within theouter wall of such heater. I also know that various forms of chimneysand ofcaps have been used upon lamps but I believe the peculiar heaterabove described is new. By means of such heater I am able to produce agas generating heat, while the so-called gas-generating lamps heretoforeused produce only vapor. I am also aware that when only a diffused flamehas been employed in heating a considerable volume of gas, the lattermay have escaped from the retort or heater at its highest temperature.But my burner or generator after heating the whole volume of gas in theretort by the diflused flame, brings a small jet of such already heatedgas directly into the focus of heat of the chimney like heater K, andIbelieve such superheating of the gas in a small jet at the moment itescapes to the burner, is novel and my own invention. It has theadvantage of giving a greater illuminating power to the gas bysuperheating the same just before ignition, or reaching the flame.

Although my apparatus is intended especially for burning fluid it may beadvantageously employed for burning the various oils and mixtures usedfor illuminating purposes.

Having thus fully described my invention,

what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United Statesis v '1. The generation of illuminating gas by the heat of the burnerwhich consumes the same when constructed as described, the flame servingthe purpose of illumination and at the same time heating the retort orretorts, substantially as set forth, for the purposes specified. 2.Inclosing the retort or retorts within a heater through which the draftpasses, for the purpose of concentrating the heat and thusproducing-agas generating temperature from the illuminating flame, substan tiallyas set forth.

3. Placing the endof the gas escape tube 0 at the hottest point of theretort or in the' focus of heat, for the purpose of superheating a smalljet of gas as it escapes to the burner, substantially in the manner andfor the purposes described.

4 Regulating the heat by the relative adjustment of the flame and heaterforth'e purpose of controlling the amount of illuminating flame,substantially as described. 5. The combination of stop cock G, with thetubes A and C, for the purpose of admitting the flow of fluid directlyto the burner or conducting the same to the heater K, and bringing thegas to the burner substantially as set forth.

6. The revolving burner D, in combination with the heater K, and theretort or retorts, substantially as set forth, for the purposesspecified.

7 I claim the peculiar mode of packing the stop cock B, by means of thebevel or bevels compressing the cord (or other fibrous packing) upon thestem of the cock, substantially as set forth for the purposes described.

C. N. TYLER.

Witnesses:

J. T. HALLEOK, E. D. CLAPP.

